We live in the era of smart buildings, driven by technological advances in materials, sensing and controls, and the need for decarbonization and drastic reduction in energy use. However, buildings are built for people and they must maintain a comfortable, healthy and productive environment. Indoor environments should be designed and operated for human satisfaction, comfort, and well-being in mind, along with energy efficiency and sustainability. This lecture will present recent progress towards human-centered building design and operation, in the thermal and visual domains. The concept of adaptive and cognitive buildings will be explored, where IoT-augmented indoor environments and predictive control can learn, reason, and make optimal decisions. We will present the development of new algorithms for automated identification of the relevant human perception-attributes of buildings. These enable intelligent and self-tuned comfort delivery systems for customized thermal and visual indoor environments. In addition, this lecture will cover applications in sensing and controlling daylight in buildings using programmable image sensors. Finally, the translation of components-based research to fenestration system design and guidelines will be presented along with proposed technology transfer tools.